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Muscle Atrophy After Splnal Cord Injury
Since the pioneering work of Tower, it has generally been accepted
that muscles that are paralyzed as a result of spinal cord injuries undergo
atrophy and develop less force. Muscle atrophy, a reduction in the size
and/or number of muscle fibers, may be present as denervation atrophy or
disuse atrophy. Denervation atrophy results from injury to motoneurons
in the spinal cord or to the motor nerves in the ventral roots
through which they exit. Disuse atrophy occurs as a result of loss of
muscle activation due to disruption to the central and segmental synaptic
drive onto the surviving spinal motoneurons.